The Policy Evolution and Practical Challenges of Non-woven Bags under the Background of plastic restriction orders
2025-09-22 |Policies
Since The State Council issued the "plastic Restriction Order" in 2007, non-woven bags have gradually entered the consumer market as a substitute for plastic. In 2020, the "Opinions on Further Strengthening the Governance of Plastic Pollution" clearly included ultra-thin plastic bags with a thickness of less than 0.025 millimeters in the prohibited scope, and at the same time encouraged the promotion of recyclable eco-friendly bags.
Policy promotion and industry standardization
At the local level, Hainan took the lead in banning non-woven fabric shopping bags with a weight of less than 100g/m² in 2023, and required that biodegradable substitutes must comply with the local standard DB46/T 505-2020. The National Development and Reform Commission, in conjunction with the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, further emphasized in the "Action Plan for Plastic Pollution Control during the 14th Five-Year Plan Period" that a full-chain management mechanism covering production, circulation and recycling should be established to prevent non-woven bags from becoming "hidden pollution sources" due to excessive use. A 2024 survey by the Shanghai Consumers' Rights Protection Committee revealed that 76.4% of consumers mistakenly regarded non-woven bags as completely environmentally friendly products, reflecting the gap between policy promotion and public perception.
Technical bottlenecks and sustainable paths
Currently, 90% of non-woven fabrics on the market are made of polypropylene (PP), which takes decades to naturally degrade and can be reused 52 times to offset production carbon emissions. Some enterprises are exploring solutions through technological innovation: the British Nonwovenn company generates electricity from waste, and domestic manufacturers process scraps into fiberboards, replacing 2 million cubic meters of logs annually. At the policy level, the "General Technical Requirements for Biodegradable Plastic Products" (GB/T 38082-2019) provides a technical basis for the degradation performance of non-woven fabrics, but the actual implementation still relies on enterprise self-discipline and strengthened supervision.
Future Challenges and Suggestions
The environmental value of non-woven bags depends on the frequency of use and the recycling system. According to a 2022 survey by Meituan, 46% of users discard the bags after only 11 uses, while the daily consumption of custom bags in the food delivery industry reaches the million level. It is suggested to optimize from three aspects: First, improve the recycling infrastructure and promote the recycling model of non-woven fabric express bags by referring to the postal system; Second, strengthen the management of labels, clearly marking "non-complete degradation" and the recommended number of uses to avoid misleading consumers. Third, explore incentive policies and offer tax incentives to enterprises with high reuse rates.
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